在 CentOS7 下安装、配置 Redis 服务

➜  yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel

# 推荐在这个目录存放各个软件的源码
➜  cd /usr/local/src

# 下载指定版本
➜  wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz

# 下载最新稳定版
➜  wget http://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
# 查看源码具体版本
➜  cat redis-stable/src/version.h

➜  tar zxvf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
➜  cd redis-5.0.5
➜  make

# 安装到指定目录下
➜  make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis-5.0.5 install

# 拷贝默认配置文件到指定目录
➜  mkdir /usr/local/redis-5.0.5/etc
➜  cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis-5.0.5/etc/

# 创建程序软链接，以便后期版本升级
cd /usr/local/
ln -s redis-5.0.5 redis

# 配置环境变量，以便在全局使用 Redis 相关命令
➜  echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/redis/bin"' >> /etc/profile
➜  source /etc/profile

# 验证
➜  redis-cli -v
redis-cli 5.0.5

➜  cd /usr/local/redis/etc

# 为方便管理多个 Redis 服务，以版本号作为配置文件的名称后缀
➜  mv redis.conf redis_6379.conf

# 开始编辑配置文件
➜  vi redis_6379.conf

# --------------------
# 以下是常用配置项
# --------------------

# 开启守护进程（后台）方式运行
daemonize yes

# 进程文件
pidfile /var/redis/run/redis_6379.pid

# 只允许指定主机连接，默认不限制
bind 127.0.0.1

# 端口号
port 6379

# 客户端闲置多长时间（单位：s）关闭连接
# 默认 0 ，无限制
timeout 300

# 本地持久化数据文件名
dbfilename dump_6379.rdb

# 设置工作目录
dir /var/redis/db/

# 日志级别
# - debug 适用于开发、测试，打印的信息较多
# - verbose 比 debug 简洁一些
# - notice 默认，普通的 verbose，用于生产环境
# - warning 警告和一些比较严重的信息
loglevel notice

# 日志文件
# 默认为空字符串，表示标准输出（stdout）
# 如果以守护进程运行，并且此处采用标准输出，则日志发送给 /dev/null
logfile /var/redis/log/redis_6379.log

# 客户端连接密码
# 为保证服务安全，建议开启并设置一个复杂的密码
requirepass pwd2019

# --------------------
# 保存上面修改好的配置文件
# --------------------

# 创建配置中不存在的目录
➜  mkdir -p /var/redis/{run,log,db}

# 以默认配置启动
➜  redis-server

# 指定配置文件
➜  redis-server /usr/local/redis/etc/redis_6379.conf

# 查看更多使用参数
➜  redis-server -h

# 客户端连接测试
➜  redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
127.0.0.1:6379> auth pwd2019
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> exit
➜

➜  cd /usr/local/src/redis-5.0.5/utils/
➜  cp redis_init_script /etc/init.d/
➜  cd /etc/init.d/
➜  mv redis_init_script redis_6379
➜  vim redis_6379

#!/bin/sh
#
# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:     redis_6379
# Default-Start:        2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:         0 1 6
# Short-Description:    Redis data structure server
# Description:          Redis data structure server. See https://redis.io
### END INIT INFO

# 根据实际安装情况修改这里的路径、端口、连接密码

REDISPORT=6379
REDISPWD=pwd2019
EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/usr/local/redis/etc/redis_${REDISPORT}.conf"

case "$1" in
    start)
        if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
        then
                echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
        else
                echo "Starting Redis server..."
                $EXEC $CONF
        fi
        ;;
    stop)
        if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
        then
                echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
        else
                PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
                echo "Stopping ..."
                if [ -n $REDISPWD ]; then
                        $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT -a $REDISPWD shutdown
                else
                        $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
                fi
                while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
                do
                    echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
                    sleep 1
                done
                echo "Redis stopped"
        fi
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"
        ;;
esac

➜  ./redis_6379 start

# 检查是否启动成功
➜  ps -ef | grep redis
root     19262     1  0 01:42 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
root     19267 19129  0 01:43 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis

# 客户端连接测试
➜  redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
127.0.0.1:6379> auth pwd2019
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> exit
➜

# 停止服务
➜  ./redis_6379 stop

# 使用 root 用户操作

# 添加到自启动列表
# 这里的 redis_6379 与 /etc/init.d/redis_6379 文件名保持一致
➜  chkconfig --add redis_6379

# 将 2 3 4 5 级别设置为自启动
➜  chkconfig --level 2345 redis_6379 on

# 检查是否设置成功
➜  chkconfig --list | grep redis

# 重启检查自启动是否生效
➜  reboot

# 查看服务状态
➜  systemctl status redis_6379
● redis_6379.service - LSB: Redis data structure server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-11-11 02:21:03 UTC; 3s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 1042 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379 stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 1056 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379 start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/redis_6379.service
           └─1058 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379

Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Redis data structure server...
Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: Starting Redis server...
Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: 1057:C 11 Nov 2019 02:21:03.594 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Re...0Oo
Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: 1057:C 11 Nov 2019 02:21:03.594 # Redis version=5....ted
Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: 1057:C 11 Nov 2019 02:21:03.594 # Configuration loaded
Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost systemd[1]: Started LSB: Redis data structure server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

# 启动服务
➜  systemctl start redis_6379

# 关闭服务
➜  systemctl stop redis_6379